Dictionary: Allusion

Allusion:

Allusions are a passing or casual reference; an incidental mention of something, either directly or by implication-- which adds a feeling of authenticity or creates an immediacy within your story. Allusions may range from references that you would expect every reader to recognize to subtle references that only your best audiences would delight in.

James Patterson, for example, uses historical and literary allusions in his book, Maximum Ride: the Fugitives, which adds depth/understanding to his story. Among these allusions are references to Thumper, Tarzan, the Terminator, Stalin, the British Invasion, Harry Potter, and  Star Wars robot character, C3PO. The references bring  more to the story's characters and to the situation within the story.

Indie publishing star, Amanda Hocking (amandahocking.blogspot.com), alludes to "Puff, the Magic Dragon" in her paranormal book entitled, Honalee.

Be aware that some allusions may be too obscure, then, the audience will miss the reference completely. Usually, the safest way to include allusion is to attach detail of accuracy. If you are referencing an Adele song, for example, describe how the character listening to the song feels, what memories does it bring up, etc. The point is, the details supply the reader with some knowledge of the allusion, making them more familiar with, what could be to the reader, an unfamiliar allusion.

There are mixed feelings amongst writers when it comes to allusions. Some believe it adds texture to the story, and those in opposition think allusions are a cheap trick that will make the story a fad that is eventually outdated.

In the end, it's up to the writer to use allusions where it makes their story stronger. And the writer should resist allusions where it would be a cop-out from having to do your research for more specific detailed, accuracy.